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Acetaminophen, Butalbital, and Caffeine is a combination medication used primarily to treat tension headaches and migraine headaches. Each component contributes a specific effect that helps relieve headache symptoms. Here’s a full description of the drug, including its components, uses, mechanism of action, dosage, side effects, warnings, and otion.ther relevant informa

Brand Names:

• Fioricet

• Esgic

• Orbivan

• Dolgic Plus (may vary by region)

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Components and Functions:

1. Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)

   • Function: Pain reliever (analgesic) and fever reducer (antipyretic)

   • Mechanism: Works by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis in the central nervous system.

2. Butalbital

   • Function: Barbiturate sedative

   • Mechanism: Depresses the central nervous system to produce a calming effect, which can reduce anxiety and muscle tension associated with headaches.

3. Caffeine

   • Function: Central nervous system stimulant

   • Mechanism: Constricts dilated blood vessels in the brain, which are believed to contribute to headache pain; also enhances the effects of acetaminophen.

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Typical Dosage (for Adults):

• Acetaminophen: 325–650 mg

• Butalbital: 50 mg

• Caffeine: 40 mg
  Taken every 4 hours as needed. Do not exceed 6 tablets or capsules per day.

Dosage may vary depending on formulation and patient-specific factors. Always follow prescribing instructions.

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Uses:

• Tension headaches

• Migraine headaches (off-label in some cases)

• Muscle contraction headaches

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Common Side Effects:

• Drowsiness

• Dizziness

• Lightheadedness

• Nausea

• Abdominal pain

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Serious Side Effects (Seek medical attention):

• Shortness of breath

• Liver damage (especially with acetaminophen overdose)

• Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)

• Mood or behavior changes

• Signs of barbiturate dependence or withdrawal

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Warnings and Precautions:

• Liver Toxicity: High doses of acetaminophen can cause severe liver damage. Avoid alcohol while taking this medication.

• Addiction/Dependence: Butalbital is habit-forming. Risk increases with prolonged use or high doses.

• Drug Interactions: May interact with sedatives, alcohol, antidepressants, and other CNS depressants.

• Pregnancy/Breastfeeding: Use only if clearly needed; butalbital can harm the fetus or newborn.

• Driving and Operating Machinery: Can impair alertness and coordination.

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Contraindications:

• Allergy to any of the components

• Porphyria (a rare blood disorder)

• Severe liver disease

• History of substance abuse (use with extreme caution)

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Overdose Symptoms:

• Acetaminophen: Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, sweating, confusion, jaundice (yellowing skin/eyes)

• Butalbital: Slow or shallow breathing, unconsciousness, coma

• Caffeine: Restlessness, rapid heartbeat, muscle tremors

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Storage:

• Store at room temperature away from moisture and light.

• Keep out of reach of children and pets.

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Important Notes:

• Do not use for more than a few days unless directed by a doctor.

• Chronic use can lead to medication-overuse headaches (rebound headaches).

• Always consult a healthcare provider before combining with other medications or supplements.